Before the mid20th century, a single large motor was often used to drive multiple wheels through connecting rods. China traction motor zd126 china dc traction motor, ge761. With that in mind, toshiba developed the totallyenclosed traction motor with an efficiency rating of 94%. Toshibas innovative permanent magnet synchronous motor technology relies on reluctance torque and realizes an exceptional efficiency rate of 97%.
Ac induction motor is equivalent to transformer where secondary is short circuited and free to rotate. Such a traction system is used in steam locomotives, ic engines, and in the maglev trains high speed trains. In the case of three phase ac alternating current operation, the most widely used motor is a 3 phase induction motor, as this type of motor does not require an additional starting device. Transverse movement is limited by the flanges of axle suspension bearing. When fields are reversed, traction motors change their direction of rotation, with the.
Allelectric vehicles evs have an electric motor instead of an internal combustion engine. An ac motor is more regularly used because of its ruggedness and simplicity. The vehicle uses a large traction battery pack to power the electric motor and must be plugged into a charging station or wall outlet to charge. Dc motor principle a machine that converts dc power into mechanical energy is known as dc motor. Motors can be mounted in a number of different configurations. Adding further to your knowledge, there are two types of motor with used in electric traction in india i. Therefore, according to the theory of electrical ma chines, the traction motor operation takes place in two zones. Feb 28, 2017 electric traction means by means of the electric power for traction system i. What is an electric locomotive systems and their types in india. Traction motors in diesel locomotives ee publishers.
Hybrid electrical vehicles introduction a hybrid electric vehicle hev has two types of energy storage units, electricity and fuel. Work is expressed in footpounds per second because the element of time is important. Pdf sustainable operation of electric railway systems represents a significant. The preliminary choice of electric traction motors for a helicopter traction drive technical report pdf available march 2015 with 1,537 reads how we measure reads. China traction motor zd126, find details about china dc traction motor, ge761 dc motor from traction motor zd126 crrc yongji electric co. Brushes are placed along the neutral axis of stator field. Ac induction motors known as asynchronous traction motors. The dc traction motor how it drives the axle how a dc motor drives the axle through a pinion and gearwheel 8 speed control of dc motor. The traction motor is a four pole dc series motor in which field winding is connected in series with armature. Dieselelectric locomotives the free information society.
Some of the technical discussion is based on work that has been reported in a. Now, the normal practice is to use one traction motor to drive each axle through a gear drive. Traction motor is the most important part of a locomotive. Linear induction motors are quite an engineering marvel, to convert a general motor for a special purpose with more or less similar working principle, thus enhancing its. A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives, electric or hydrogen vehicles, elevators or electric multiple unit traction motors are used in electrically powered rail vehicles electric multiple units and other electric vehicles including electric milk floats, elevators, roller coasters, conveyors, and trolleybuses, as well as vehicles with. The diesel and electric locomotive story and working 24 coaches. A dc motor had a good starting torque and ease of speed control. Permanent magnet dc traction motor with reconfigurable winding. Traction motor article about traction motor by the free. Pdf operation analysis of ac traction motors in terms of. Locomotives work based on a really simple principle. A motor is chosen depending on design intent for the elevator.
Unless the traffic to be handled is heavy, electric traction becomes uneconomical. Selection hereby means to choose the working principle of. Theoretical and practical perspectives of diesel locomotive with dc traction motors wheelsets slipping and sliding control article pdf available in transport 264. Both dc series motor and induction motor are known to be ideal for traction purpose. Speed sensors are adopted to detect the traction motor speed. Operating temperature of traction motors for hybridelectric vehicles is. A single motor drives all the wheels on the truck or bogie, typically four wheels per motor. Nchrp highway idea focuses on advances in the design, construction, safety, and maintenance.
As explain by aniruddha, traction motors work like any other electric motor. The armature winding is a closed winding through the commutator and current is supplied through the brushes. The speed sensors which are widely used on traction. Its operation is based on the principle that when a current carrying conductor is placed in a. Then the operation of the principal types of traction machine dc. During fitment of new bearing, measure free diametrical clearance. A wound rotor, has a 3phase winding similar to the stator winding. The purpose of a motor speed controller is to take a signal representing the required speed, and to drive a motor at that speed. Permanent magnet dc traction motor with reconfigurable. The traction system that doesnt use electricity at any stage of a vehicle movement is referred to as a nonelectric traction system.
The determination of the asynchronous traction motor. Traction motor other products toshiba international. The field is stationary and generated through main poles on stator frame. Traction motor simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Standardizing the traction motor flexible mounting the modular induction traction motor range has mounting brackets that can be fitted in a variety of positions so that vehicle builders are free to fit motors by any method suspended or nonsuspended to any bogie1. These motors need electric power to run, and the source that supplies this power is what differentiates diesel and electric locomotives. Nov 27, 2019 an electrical motor is an electromechanical device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. A traction motor is a type of electric motor used to power the driving wheels of a vehicle such as a railroad locomotive, electrical multiunit train such as a subway or light rail vehicle train. Pdf theoretical and practical perspectives of diesel. This means the optimal position of the motor can be found to in. Be it diesel or electric, locomotives are actually run by a set of electric ac induction motors called traction motors attached to their axles. Especially they play an important role in case of railways. It is a forced ventilated machine arranged for axle mounting on sleeve bearing. Dc motor working principle part a physics duration.
A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives. Electric motors and drives fundamentals, types and applications third edition austin hughes senior fellow, school of electronic and electrical engineering, university of leeds amsterdam boston heidelberg london new york oxford paris san diego san francisco singapore sydney tokyo newnes is an imprint of. Due to its totallyenclosed design, the motor remains clean throughout extended operation. Request pdf general requirement of traction motor drives this chapter. This was the same way that steam locomotives would turn their drive wheels. Nov 30, 2015 the electric traction system is the most efficient of all other traction system such as steam and internal combustion ic engine type systems. It offers several benefits over other systems, including quick start and stop, very efficient, pollution free, easy to handle and easy speed control. Some of the technical discussion is based on work that has been reported in a conference publication1. This is as expected by the operational principles of the slot path concept.
Electric traction means use of the electricity for all the over machines. Sirong yi, in principles of railway location and design, 2018. Electric traction means by means of the electric power for traction system i. General requirement of traction motor drives request pdf. Pdf the preliminary choice of electric traction motors for a. How do traction motors work in electric locomotives. Brushless dc motor bldc construction, working principle. Three phase induction motor as traction motor railelectrica. Pdf the preliminary choice of electric traction motors. The below figure shows the parts that consisting in rc servo motors in which small dc motor is employed for driving the loads at precise speed and position. Motor speed relationship the synchronous speed of an ac motor is the speed of the rotating magnetic field set up by the stator winding synchronous speed rpm 120 x frequency divided by the number of poles. In ac emumemu, traction motor type 4601 azbzbybx manufactured by bhel is used. Dc motors although ac motors are used in most of the cases, dc motors have many applications and used for multipurpose applications. Traction motor an electric motor used to drive vehicles such as electric locomotives and trains, dieselelectric locomotives and ships, and streetcars, trolleys, and other.
Depending on the grain size and re content, a commercial dyfree sintered. Massachusetts institute of technology 1 introduction this is a concept paper in response to the foa entitled rare earth alternatives in critical technologies for energy react. To achieve better operating conditions, ac railways are often supplied with current at a lower frequency than. Consisting of heavy wire wound inside of the motor s case known as the field windings and wire wound around the motor s inner shaft called the armature, the electric power is transported between the two elements through brushes. This project is to design, build and test a prototype locomotive traction motor based on a new electric machine. Oct 28, 2015 working principle of dc servo motor a dc servo motor is an assembly of four major components, namely a dc motor, a position sensing device, a gear assembly, and a control circuit. Ac77 ac torque motor features mechanically compatible with the d77 motor, the a77 fits in same pedestal position in the locomotive truck bogie. A 2200v,50 hz, three phase,6 pole,yb connected squirrel cage induction motor has following parameters. Electricity means that a battery sometimes assisted by ultracaps is used to store the energy, and that an electromotor from now on called motor will be used as traction motor. The motor component of the elevator machine can be either a dc motor or an ac motor. Principle of ac servo motor 3 design of motor 2 stator stator is composed of the core and winding which generates torque.
Optimal choice of electric traction motors for a helicopter. Rotors for high efficiency traction motors, society of automotive engineers world congress, april 22, 2009. The most vital factor against electric traction is the initial high cost of laying out overhead electric supply system. Three phase primary winding is mounted on stator distributed spatially at 120 degree. The rotor terminals are connected to three slip rings which turn with the.
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