Here an attempt is made to analyze the causes of cambodia s deforestation and, to make recommendations for current and future forestry actions necessary to reverse this on the basis of current work in cambodia and similar areas. Mar 01, 2020 the prey preah roka forest community has submitted a petition to the minister of environment asking for legal action against forest crimes after nine patrols since early last year led to the discovery of 98 forest offences. Cambodia losing forests at alarming rate forest trends. See cambodia photos and pictures of culture, history, and travel from national geographic. The forest cover in cambodia dropped from 11,104,300 ha in 2002 to 10,730,800 ha in 20066. There are also regrowth and plantation forests as well as open forest types including. The natural forests of cambodia are at a critical juncture. The forests of cambodia include evergreen, semievergreen, deciduous, swamp, mangrove and bamboo forest in various conditions from closed to disturbed and mosaic formations. Cambodia is home to more than 521 species of birds, 127.
Cambodias forest sector cambodias forests cover about 9 million hectares, or roughly 50 percent of the country. Though other countries have lost more acres in recent years, cambodia stands out for how rapidly its forests are being cleared. Indeed some 31 countries do not even make the list because they have already removed most of their forests and even if that remain are seriously fragmented and degraded. Two options have been identified to establish the project reference level, using data from cambodias official forest reference level national frl. Abbreviations cdc council for the development of cambodia cg consultative group cpp cambodian peoples party dfw department of forestry and w ildlife renamed forest administration in 2003 elc economic land concession esia environmental and social impact assessment fa forest administration fao food and agriculture organisation fleg forest law enforcement and. Cambodias media and press are replete with articles on land grabbing, forest degradation, illegal logging, and related social conflicts, with one or more articles on these subjects published almost daily since at least mid2012. Consistent with the cambodian code of forest management and the environmental protection and natural resources law, an environmental and social impact assessment shall be prepared for any major forest ecosystem related activity that may cause adverse impact on society and. For each forest class, it is possible to estimate the change in land area kha between 199293 and 199697, and the average change per year over the same period.
The livelihoods of the indigenous chong community are at risk, with at least 1,500 people to be relocated. It also shows that when forest communities take an active interest in protecting forests, they also make use of the forest themselves, for instance, by sustainable harvesting and selling of forest products. Consultants have estimated that cambodias forest cover has fallen from. Forest trends works to protect critical ecosystems through a broad range of environmental finance, markets, supply chains, and other incentive mechanisms. Cambodias commitment to the development of the national forest programme has been expressed, among others, in the statement of the royal government on national forest policy statement, 2002, and the national strategic development plan, 2009. Plant trees to restore cambodian forests globalgiving. How to plant a trillion trees and get real climate results. Aug 26, 2016 this dataset describes the information of community forestry cf in cambodia from 2008 to 2017. An outline of the causes of deforestation in cambodia. The main objective of the programme is to ensure the forest resources provide optimum contribution to equitable macroeconomic growth and poverty alleviation particularly in rural areas through conservation and sustainable forest. Withdraw draft law on associations and nongovernmental organizations index.
This indc is subject to revisions to meet national circumstances as the country continues along its development pathway. Forest cover area and change in forest cover from 2002 to 2006 forest types 2002 2006 change 200206 area area area ha % ha % ha % evergreen forest 3,720,493 20. Structural analysis of deforestation in cambodia with a. Forests are among cambodias most important natural resources. Action1, cambodia is pleased to present its intended nationally determined contribution indc to the unfccc, ahead of cop 21 in paris, december 2015. Estimated annual forest conversions in the year 2000. Forests in cambodia tend to be located around the periphery, in the highland areas as opposed to the lowland areas where paddy rice is the norm. Climate change and forestry in cambodia forest, with forest resources accounting for an average of. According to the remaining available records, forest management systems have been evolved from solely timber benefit management to timber, nontimber forest products ntfps, and environmentally friendly management.
Cambodia united nations framework convention on climate change. A powerful campaign by nature conservation activists, local communities, youth and others is trying to stop the dam being built. According to research led by matthew hansen of the university of maryland, just over 40 percent of cambodia is densely forested. Ghg emissionremoval estimation for land use change and. Traditionally, forest resources in particular, nontimber. The forest investment program investment plan fipip aims to support the royal government of cambodia rgc in three different areas. Flooded forest conservation in boribor district of kompong. Challenges ahead for community forestry in cambodia. Forestry in cambodia is a way to secure access to land and forest resources for local communities, as long as extraction of forest resources is sustainable. Cambodias forests have seen a significant reduction of total forest and dense forest cover in recent years, the growth of plantations, particularly rubber, and cambodia s forests have seen a significant reduction of total forest and dense forest cover in recent years, the growth of plantations, particularly rubber, and an ongoing problem with illegal logging. As much as 380,000 ha of forests have been lost in cambodia between 2002 and 2006, which accounts for a total deforestation of more than 2. As 2016, 87,424 square kilometers of forest remained including 28, 612 square kilometers of evergreen forest 6, with the result that the future sustainability of cambodia s forest reserves is under severe threat.
Forests and forestry open development cambodia odc. Jan 29, 20 as china builds, cambodias forests fall members of chinas growing middle class are eager to spend their money on luxury goods, including hardwood furniture. Pdf conservation of prey long forest complex, cambodia. Climate change and forestry in cambodia forest, with forest resources accounting for an average of 10 to 20 percent of household consumption sources fa 2010. The cambodian economy has steadily improved, and the country seems to be living by the words of the cambodian proverb, fear not the. Cambodia established the national forest programme 20102029 in october 2010. An outline of the causes of deforestation in cambodia mekonginfo. The risk of loss of cambodias forests has long been recognised and addressed in many ways. Cambodia has one of the highest levels of forest cover in southeast asia. In total, cambodia lost 25,000 square kilometers of forest between 1990 and 2005, 3,340 square kilometer of which was primary forest. Pdf on jan 1, 2010, lars schmidt and others published conservation of prey long forest complex, cambodia find, read and cite all the research you need. The mondul kiri protected forest, for example, is home to three wild cattle species, cats such as tigers and leopards, sun bears and various primates and birds.
The areng dam in cambodias cardamom mountains threatens the areas rich biodiversity. The difficult discussion on cambodias forests the diplomat. At present, less than 10 percent of cambodias forests and protected areas are under community management. The mission will be led jointly by the rgc and adb as the leadmdb. The aims of this study are to delineate the cambodian forest. Causes, effects and control strategies 5 deforestation are maintained. Much of this forest loss may be a result of legal concessions the cambodian government has policies in place that allow for the granting of economic land concessions elcs to local and international companies. Forest community files petition over crimes phnom penh post.
Th e sustainable development through good governance is the key. The cause is not only human beings, but also by the unwanted floating water plant called water hyacinth. The data was collected from many sources by odcs mappers such as the prakas and reports of the ministry of agriculture forestry and fisheries and forestry administration, in pdf format. Cambodias millennium development goals, for example, included the specific target part of goal 7 that cambodia should maintain 60 percent forest cover by 2015, 5 but this was not met. Forest management in cambodia has been a challenging task for the cambodian government from the 1950s to the present. This may be due in part to the fact that there are very few groundbased studies of forest composition in cambodia to support satellite imagery. The programme initially covers nine years and so is due to be updated in 2019. But the process is complicated and time consuming, and can take years to finalize by which time the forest in question is frequently severely degraded, sustainable. The countrys deforestation of roughly one percent a year between 2000 and 2012 gives it the fourth highest deforestation rate among major forest countries. Cambodia has one of the highest levels of forest cover in southeast asia, with about 10.
Cambodias commitment to the development of the national forest programme has been expressed, among others, in the statement of the royal government on. Empirical evidence of the public health benefits of. As noted above, current forest cover is much lower, at around 48%. While the flagship community forestry form described above is the priority for projects and the government alike, cambodia also has provisions for piloting the engagement. At the same time, some major challenges in forestry sector are seen as the concerns of the royal government of cambodia rgc as such recent. About 40 percent of cambodia s forests have some level of protection as protection areas or protected forests fa 2011.
Agriculture remains the most important sector of the cambodian economy in terms of its share of the gross domestic product gdp, and it employs the vast majority of the workforce. Pa forest resources management, protection and conservation policy and strategic plan. No forest, no ntfps for rural communities in cambodia. Identify additional actions to be taken by the rgc, donors, and ngos to support or expand efforts to reduce conflict. Cambodia agriculture, forestry, and fishing britannica. Rice is cambodias major crop, its principal food, and, in times of peace, its most important export commodity. The rich forest resources of cambodia play critical roles in rural livelihoods as well as providing valuable ecological and economic resources for the countrys. Evaluation of faos contribution to the kingdom of cambodia. The changes in area of forest by region and subregion are shown in table 1. Oct 30, 2017 satellite data compiled by the university of maryland stated that cambodia experienced one of the highest deforestation rates in the world, with an annual forest loss rate of 14.
The total forest area is smaller than those of its mekong neighbours, but cambodia retains among the largest individual tracts of forest left in the region, as well as some. Cambodia is losing its natural forests at an alarming rate, accelerated in recent years by corporations illegally using permits for largescale agricultural. Forest concession management and control pilot project. This dataset describes the information of community forestry cf in. But the process is complicated and time consuming, and can take years to finalize by which time the forest in. In cambodia, a southeast asian country overlooking the gulf of thailand, the climate is tropical, hot all year round, with a rainy season from may to midnovember due to the southwest monsoon and a dry season from midnovember to april. An outline of the causes of deforestation in cambodia n. Cambodia cambodia agriculture, forestry, and fishing.
In late 2019, one of the largest companies operating in the area, think biotech, was subject of a joint investigation by the. Flooded forest conservation in boribor district of kompong chhnang province of tonlesap region, cambodia the flooded forest destruction in cambodia is occurring at an alarming rate. The national forest management plan shall be approved by the royal government of cambodia as a longterm planning tool in order to set priorities and activities on forest management. First, the office of evaluation oed wishes to extend a special note of gratitude to h. According to the recent forest reference level frl submission to the united nations framework convention on climate change unfccc rgc 2017, cambodia has approximately 8. In this sense, the cambodia forest cover 2016 will play important role in providing data and information to inform the development of sustainable management, protection and conservation plan. Longterm, viable and sustainable development through good governance is a key principle in our political platform, outlined in the rectangular strategy ii and national strategic development plan 200920. Current forest situation 8 forest resources 8 forest management status 12 forest plantation 21 wildlife protection and management 22 capacity building for sustainable forest management 24 forest and forest products 25 forest contribution to poverty reduction and socioeconomic. Submitted indc to unfcccrecognized forest as one of the sources of carbon emission 3. The incidence of nonspecific illness and injury in people older than 15 years was used as a negative control. Cambodia, assessed cambodia s current forest policy. Cambodia began the process of recovery under the vietnambacked regime of the peoples republic of kampuchea 197989, and in the 1990s it regained political autonomy, reestablished a constitutional government, and subsequently instituted free elections. Common for the three projects proposals is the aim to support government agencies in defining and developing their new roles with moe focused on managing.
Cambodia unredd national programme undp in cambodia. Forest concession management and control pilot project fcmcpp credit no. This is a unique opportunity for cambodians of all faiths and backgrounds to cooperate and and learn from the local communitys nonviolent efforts to protect the forest. The ountrys forest cover has undergone significant changes over the past decades. Cambodias intended nationally determined contribution. The ministry accepted the petition and plans to send officials to investigate the cases.
Between 2001 and 2014, the annual forest loss rate in cambodia increased by 14. Cambodia overview the project improving capacity on forest restoration in cambodia phase ii was a oneyear project implemented by forestry administrationfa, ministry of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, the kingdom of cam bodia with financial support from korea forest service, the republic of korea. On january 28, 2005, the inspection panel received a request for inspection, dated january 21, 2005, therequest related to the cambodia. It would help cambodia to recognize biodiversity conservation cobenefit and to achieve its national target of maintain 60% forest cover, which is a key indicator for the cambodia millennium development goal 7. Cambodia forest information and data according to the u. The war in the past decades undoubtedly destroyed forests of cambodia, but it. Conversion timber, forest monitoring, and landuse governance. The countrys forest sector is seeing major changes at policy and institutional levels, while. Fighting for the forests of cambodias areng valley mekong. Evaluation of faos contribution to the kingdom of cambodia acknowledgements the fao office of evaluation oed would like to thank all those who contributed to this exercise.
The aims of this study are to delineate the cambodian forest resource and to. Veng sakhon, minister of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, for his. This situation reflects a lack of coherence in rural land management policies, weak capacities of subnational sector line agency departments, poor service delivery mechanisms and the. During the last decades, cambodia has undergone a rapid rate of deforestation with the forest cover change from 57 % in 2010 to 47% in 2014 rgc. Forest investment program fip, kingdom of cambodia. Empirical evidence of the public health benefits of tropical. In 2012 alone, more than 270,000 hectares of protected forest were granted as elcs in cambodia. Sep 21, 2016 forest trends, an influential organization with a mission to conserve forests and other ecosystems, reported in 2015 that cambodias national forest cover had dropped to about 55 percent, down. Mar 22, 2018 it also shows that when forest communities take an active interest in protecting forests, they also make use of the forest themselves, for instance, by sustainable harvesting and selling of forest products. Satellite data compiled by the university of maryland stated that cambodia experienced one of the highest deforestation rates in the world, with an annual forest loss rate of 14. The world is rallying around planting trees for climate action. How politics is killing cambodias forests the diplomat. Forest investment program fip, kingdom of cambodia terms of.
Peace bridges organization, along with local communities and forest activists, organizes an annual tree planting event in a community forest each year. The vast majority of rural households about 84 percent rely on fuel wood and charcoal. While the flagship community forestry form described above is the priority for projects and the government alike, cambodia also has provisions for piloting the engagement of local people in forest management in other situations. A recent vegetation map of cambodia based on satellite imagery included marsh and flooded forests in cambodia, but did not detect evergreen freshwater swamp forests jica 2002. The aims of this study are to delineate the cambodian forest resource and to identify the underlying causes for. Dense and mixed forest coverage were derived from open development cambodia, and forest loss was calculated from 2000 to 2004, 2004 to 2009, and 2009 to 2014. The rights of indigenous peoples in cambodia submitted by indigenous community support organization ngo forum on cambodia asian indigenous peoples pact foundation forest peoples programme contents page i. Improving capacity on forest restoration in cambodia phase ii. Pdf fiction and forest loss in cambodia courtney work.
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